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Update on Violence in Jebel Marra

March 18th, 2010 by Shannon Orcutt

Rebels from SLA-AW stand guard in Nertiti, Jebel Marra (Photo: Reuters, 2008)

Darfur’s troubled region of Jebel Marra remains under the radar of international concern, despite ongoing hostilities taking a serious toll on the local population. Significant numbers of civilians continue to flee their homes into IDP and refugee camps as the situation deteriorates, with neither humanitarian relief nor peacekeeping protection available.

Jebel Marra is a mountainous area in central Darfur (see map below), and is allegedly the rebel faction SLA-AW’s last stronghold. With talk of a (now faltering) peace agreement in Doha involving Darfur’s most viable rebel group (the JEM) and another with the new rebel alliance (the LJM), and amid reports of divisions among the SLA-AW, Khartoum seems determined to gain control of Jebel Marra once and for all. While there’s no independent way to confirm the extent of civilian deaths (estimates are well into the hundreds) and human rights abuses committed during the fighting, it is clear that all parties to this latest outbreak of violence have been responsible for obstructionist measures that have prevented the local population from receiving the assistance it desperately needs.

Jebel Marra

Darfur's Jebel Marra region, southeast of UNAMID Force Headquarters in El Fasher. Image based on a UN Planning Map. The boundaries and names shown are for reference only and do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by any party.

The most significant attacks have occurred in Kidingeer, Leiba and Fugoli, Feina and Deribat, which has severely affected the 300,000 people living in Jebel Marra, many of whom are currently displaced and are deprived of access to international humanitarian aid since the NGOs and UN have forced out of the region. In a recent article, Julie Flint stated that the amount of civilians killed in Jebel Marra is the highest since UNAMID began its deployment with over 35,000 regular troops and 12,000 militiamen in Jebel Marra. An assessment completed by the UN and several NGOs in mid-February estimated that around 2,000 families had recently arrived in Nertiti (site of a Rwandan UNAMID company) with over 5,000 new arrivals in Thur and Guldo after the fighting in Eastern Jebel Marra forced civilians to flee their homes. Since the violence in Jebel Marra continued to escalate after the assessment, the amount of displaced is bound to have increased significantly.

With resounding claims that the war in Darfur is over, the crisis in Jebel Marra cannot be ignored. The current loss of lives and livelihoods demand both international outrage and attention. So “where are the cries of “Never again” now that they are needed?” Help the Save Darfur Coalition and others raise the alarm about the devastation in Jebel Marra.

It is our mandate both to act and to demand action – and the time to do so is now.

Contact Secretary of State Hillary Clinton at 202-647-4000 today and ask her to condemn this violence and work with the international community to mobilize support for Darfuri civilians.

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Women’s Day Reflections Must Be Backed with Action

March 17th, 2010 by Megan Flemming

Last week, Special Envoy Scott Gration released a statement on International Women’s Day and Sudan, reflecting on “the unique challenges and horrors that women as a group have had to endure and continue to face in Sudan.” He described the women of Darfur and Sudan not as mere victims of events unfolding around them, but as key leaders and peacemakers. These statements are welcome. But as all Sudan advocates know by now, words must be backed with actions.

Aid and support for Darfuri women and girls

One year after Oxfam Great Britain had its license to operate in Northern Sudan revoked by the Government of Sudan, Oxfam’s Alun McDonald reflected on the lasting impact of the March 4th, 2009 expulsions:

Support for victims of violence, particularly rape and sexual assault, has also suffered. 14 of the 16 expelled agencies had projects working to support victims of sexual violence and many of the trauma counselling projects, women’s health centres and support networks that were shut down have not been adequately replaced.

In his International Women’s Day reflections, the Special Envoy concurred that since the March 2009 expulsion of aid groups by the government of Sudan, “many services for addressing gender-based violence and its consequences have not resumed, and the women of Darfur have suffered accordingly.” This recognition is welcome – especially after Gration’s early negotiations with the Government of Sudan on the restoration of aid following his appointment as Special Envoy failed to restore these critical services.

Its also worth noting that the US government – and indeed we as advocates – must take care not to portray the pre-expulsion aid environment as one in which SGBV services were widely available at adequate levels throughout Darfur. On the contrary, aid groups providing such services faced myriad hurdles even before the expulsions. Most importantly, the Special Envoy should explain how the US government is working to improve the availability of protection and human rights services in Darfur, in particular services designed to assist women and survivors of gender-based violence. Access to these services must be ensured not only in and around IDP camps and urban areas, but also to Darfur’s rural population. Recent violence in the Jebel Marra region has shown just how insecure much of Darfur – particularly rural areas – remains.

Addressing impunity

The Special Envoy’s statement notes only that “we should resolve to do better at ending impunity for GBV.” U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Susan Rice similarly declared last week: “We particularly are concerned about the importance of holding accountable violators who employ sexual violence against innocent civilians in Darfur.” Indeed, one of my colleague Sean Brooks’s primary impressions after returning from his recent trip to Darfur was just how pervasive impunity is in Darfur. The environment that UNAMID officials have described as “calm but unpredictable” can be terrifying for average civilians – and options for civilians to safely report acts of violence, particularly sexual violence, are extremely limited. The Special Envoy must go further than describing the need resolve to do better at ending impunity, and explain how the U.S. will work to end impunity in Darfur.

Women in the peace process

In his reflections, the Special Envoy noted that “On Darfur, women continue to play a significant role in peace process.” Gration must ensure that the input and recommendations of Darfuri women and civil society broadly are firmly integrated into peace negotiations. The Special Envoy has lauded recent progress made with the signing of a ceasefire and framework agreement between the Government of Sudan and the Justice and Equality movement, and is invested in supporting ongoing negotiations between these two parties and with other armed movements in Darfur. While these negotiations hold potential, they must focus on the specific concerns of the conflict’s victims, rather than attending mostly to the interests of the armed parties. The fact that the recent framework agreement between JEM and the Government of Sudan includes an amnesty provision offering “general amnesty for the civil and military members of the Justice and Equality Movement Sudan” is a worrisome sign that accountability remains a low priority for those negotiating.

As Sudan advocates, we must ensure that Darfuri and Sudanese women are not merely paid lip service on an annual international holiday, but that their capacity and concerns form pillars of the US’s Sudan policy. As Gration eloquently stated on International Women’s Day, “It is the strength, resolve, and leadership of the women of Sudan that will be the deciding factor in making Sudan a land of peace, stability, and prosperity.”

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“Obviously, this place is very hot and nervous”

March 17th, 2010 by Catherine Wagner

Earlier this week, I attended a panel discussion organized by the Hudson Institute’s Center for Religious Freedom and Voices for Sudan with expert perspectives on the elections coming up in Sudan in April.  The panelists, who included representatives from the National Endowment for Democracy, the Nuba Mountain International Association, the Nubia Project, and Voices for Sudan provided glimpses into the thinking of various groups paying attention to the complex political situation in Sudan.

Though the conversation focused on hopes that the voting will proceed peacefully, what struck me was the way the speakers talked about the freeness and fairness of the elections.  As a group, they seemed to agree that genuinely free and fair elections are not possible with the overbearing security laws and media restrictions still in place this close to the start of polling.  They also noted the complicating factors of the crisis in Darfur and allegations of census fraud in the North.  But – perhaps most importantly – everyone treated this point like more of a foregone conclusion than a question still up for debate.

As an activist, the idea that Sudan’s elections may have reached the “point of no return” for being free and fair is powerful.  It substantiates what we have long feared: that flawed elections could be used to provide a repressive, genocidal regime with the legitimacy it so desperately seeks.  With less than a month before polling begins in Sudan, this idea should galvanize our efforts to call the elections what they are — a far cry from democratic — and show them as such to the world.  The Obama administration must lead the international community as these elections unfold and stand firm in its commitment to democracy and human rights.  Click here to send a message to President Obama not to sanction the results of an illegitimate electoral process in Sudan.

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Carl Wilkens Fellow Naomi Natale Launches One Million Bones Project

March 16th, 2010 by Melissa Batchelor Warnke

Naomi Natale is one of many inspiring anti-genocide activists using art as an advocacy tool. In the upcoming months, we will be highlighting projects like One Million Bones on our Creative Community site. Naomi’s blog, featured below, is cross-posted from Genocide Intervention Network.

As a 2010 Carl Wilkens Fellow, I am excited for opportunity to introduce a new project to the anti-genocide community. I am thrilled to announce that yesterday on March 14, 2010, the One Million Bones project officially launched in Albuquerque, New Mexico

One Million Bones is a fundraising art installation designed to recognize the millions of victims who have been killed or displaced by ongoing genocides, creating a visual demand for solutions to this issue. Our mission is to increase global awareness of these atrocities while raising the critical funds needed to protect and aid displaced and vulnerable victims.

The goal of One Million Bones is for one million people to each create one bone to represent one victim of genocide. In the spring of 2013, each bone will be installed on the National Mall in Washington, D.C.  Like a mass grave, the installation will recall the millions of victims of genocide, and demand action from the American people, our policy makers, and the worldwide community to end ongoing atrocities.

To raise funds, One Million Bones requests a sponsorship of $5 for each bone submitted in hopes of generating $5 million. Proceeds will be donated to our beneficiary organizations — Genocide Intervention Network, Enough!, and Women for Women International.

To open the project up to a larger audience of people and to raise further funds, the project offers a second way to participate. This option will allow individuals who would like to be a part of the project but who cannot create a bone to make a $15 contribution that will enable a bone to be manufactured and sponsored in their name. These manufactured bones will be constructed of biodegradable materials impregnated with seeds. When the installation is completed, One Million Bones will distribute these bones to be buried with a foreseeable future of growth. That way this project will not end with the installation; rather, it will renew itself the following year. Hopefully, this regeneration will celebrate the end of one or more outbreaks of genocide; if not, it will reinvigorate the movement calling for an end to the atrocities.

The importance of this project within the anti-genocide movement lies in its mission to create a visual movement that is based on civic engagement and participation. One Million Bones offers an open, creative and educational environment in which students can address the issue of genocide. The project also offers an opportunity for individuals to find their voices in this movement, while creating a visual space where that voice will be heard and understood in a tangible way. But the most important component of this project is to use the momentum and participation to change the behavior of the international community regarding genocide.

I am excited for the opportunity to introduce this project to the anti-genocide community and to ask for your support.   On behalf of the One Million Bones project, I invite all of you to be a part of it… to find your voice through your actions, your hands, your eyes and your vision.  For more information please visit our website at http://www.onemillionbones.org

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Untouchable Crisis? A Call to Action

March 15th, 2010 by Shannon Orcutt
Jebel Marra

SLA Fighters in Jebel Marra, 2007 (Photo: Reuters)

The situation in Jebel Marra remains unstable and essentially unknown as thousands of civilians to pour into IDP camps and flee to neighboring countries, while outside organizations continue to be denied entry into Deribat and its surrounding areas.

The critical lack of independent monitoring and investigations in Jebel Marra combined with obstructionism by belligerent parties makes credible information on the crisis disturbingly non-existent. On March 8th, the Sudan Armed Forces (SAF) made a statement that they were in control of the region while SLA-AW denied the claim, both of which are impossible to verify.

UNAMID launched a patrol to assess the situation on March 5th which was ambushed and seized by apparently unidentified gunmen. The 60 peacekeepers were later released but their weapons and vehicles are now in the in the possession of the attackers. According to Radio Dabanga a government delegation from South Darfur was also ambushed on March 12th leaving SLA-AW and SAF contradictory claims the only information on the situation in Jebel Marra.

In a recent post on the SSRC blog “Making Sense of Sudan,” Julie Flint reflects on the poignant absence of international outrage. “Where are the Save Darfur activists?” she asks, adding in an article for the Daily Star that “2002 is being rerun in 2010 – despite Save Darfur, despite UNAMID, and despite the ICC.”

As Save Darfur – a unique community of activists and rights organizations – we have been called to action. The international community and the Save Darfur movement worked hard to see the deployment of UNAMID. Now – amid the worst fighting in the 27 months since its deployment and as crucial national elections approach – this voice is as essential as it ever was. Likewise, activists and NGOs from around the world fought tirelessly to ensure UNAMID was provided with essential equipment like tactical helicopters capable of rapid intervention. Now that these gunships have arrived, it is our responsibility to ensure they are used to enhance UNAMID’s peacekeeping presence and enforce its mandate to protect civilians.

The global community needs to express its concern, mobilize support for Darfuri civilians caught in these clashes, and remind international policymakers why they should care about what’s going on in Jebel Marra. It is our mandate both to act and to demand action – and the time to do so is now.

Contact Secretary of State Hillary Clinton at 202-647-4000 today and ask her to condemn this violence and work with the international community to mobilize support for Darfuri civilians.

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Peace in Darfur: still a long ways off

March 11th, 2010 by Sean Brooks

Cross posted from Foreign Policy’s new Middle East Channel.


It is too early to tell – but the “framework agreement” recently signed between the Government of Sudan and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), the most effective armed rebel movement in Darfur, offers some hope for peace in Darfur. The commitment to an immediate ceasefire and reaching a final accord by March 15 advances the dialogue further than at any point since May 2006 – when President Omar al-Bashir’s government signed the Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA) with what was then considered the strongest of the movements. The problems with that agreement are the same as those threatening the current talks: the fragmentation of the movements and questions about the sincerity of the Sudanese government.

The rushed-together DPA helped precipitate the complete unraveling of non-signatory rebel movements – which proliferated from two to almost 30 by 2007. It is therefore more good news that ten factions have recently united as the Liberation and Justice Movement (LJM) and appointed a respected former governor of Darfur to represent them. In the coming days, they may sign their own “framework agreement” with the Sudanese government upon which the mediators would begin working with the parties to draft a final text. If this happens, only a few movements will remain outside of the talks. The holdouts, however, include Abdel Wahid al-Nur who, while based in Paris since 2006, has maintained popularity and allegiances among many of the millions of displaced persons living in camps throughout Darfur.

The IDPs will ultimately help decide the agreement’s fate by voting with their feet. Almost all IDP leaders continue to claim that the security conditions are not suitable to return to their villages. The Sudanese government, however, claims that 90 percent of Darfur is now secure and, therefore, IDPs should begin voluntarily returning home. While systematic violence in Darfur has markedly declined, there remain volatile hotspots and the lack of peace makes any decision to return fraught with risk and uncertainty.  It is also true that returning home for many would mean leaving behind basic services – such as clean water, education, and health care – often available in the camps or nearby towns.

The international community for the past four years has attempted to bypass Abdel Wahid as his unmovable pre-conditions for negotiations (which include disarmament of the notorious janjaweed and the removal of ‘settlers’ on the land of the displaced) amount to the full implementation of a peace agreement. Some countries and envoys have tried to promote other commanders and politicians among his tribe, the Fur (the largest and historic rulers of many areas in the region), to leadership positions. This strategy has largely backfired – creating more divisions among the movements and in some cases deeper allegiance to Abdel Wahid. A more successful approach has been supporting the involvement of civil society and IDP leaders in formal peace talks. Last November, 170 such Darfuri delegates met in Qatar and produced the Doha Declaration affirming their collective views on a number of issues to be included in any final agreement. Read the rest of this entry »

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Faith Community Calls On Congress

March 10th, 2010 by Melissa Batchelor Warnke

Imam Abdul-Malik, Archbishop Aykazian, Kirk Betts, Ruth Messinger, Galen Carey and Rev. White-Hammond gather in front of the Capitol Building

Last week, I attended a prayer breakfast hosted by the Interfaith Sudan Working Group (ISWG), a coalition of Jewish, Muslim and Christian organizations working together for a lasting peace in Sudan. Since its founding several years ago, the group has held multiple events to raise awareness of the conflict.

The prayer breakfast brought advocates, clergy and Congressional staff together to discuss the need for peace and an end to human suffering in Sudan, particularly as the elections approach.

In working with our coalition and activists, I am constantly struck by the diversity of the movement – people of all ages, political affiliations, faith traditions and life experiences have come together to say that they can no longer “stand idly by.” Faith leaders at the breakfast came from the American Jewish World Service, Muslim Alliance in North America, the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, the National Association of Evangelicals, the Episcopal Church, Lutheran World Relief, the Armenian Church of America, the Religious Action Center of Reform Judiasm and the African Methodist Episcopal Church.

Following the breakfast, the Interfaith Sudan Working Group delivered copies of the children’s fairy tale book, Humpty Dumpty, to all 535 Members of Congress as a reminder that the situation in Sudan is fragile and could break at any second. Read more about the event here and email melissa@savedarfur.org to learn about how your faith community can be involved in Sudan advocacy.

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International Women’s Day, SDC Style

March 8th, 2010 by Melissa Batchelor Warnke

At noon, in honor of International Women’s Day, several of us snuck out of the office for a bit to attend the “Join Me on the Bridge” March in Washington DC, hosted by our friends at the Enough Project and Women for Women International. After grabbing signs and t-shirts, the crowd began its march down Memorial Drive, across the Memorial Bridge, and to the Watergate Steps at the base of the Lincoln Memorial. There, we sat on the steps and listened to Candice Knezvic of RAISE Hope for Congo, Andree Simon of WFWI, Sylvie Muanga Mbanga, a Congolese human rights lawyer, and Seema Jalan of Women Thrive speak about what the day meant to them.

Melissa & Teresa at "Join Me on the Bridge" in DC

We heard about the struggles of women and girls in the Congo, Rwanda and beyond, many of whom have been intimidated, tortured and raped due to their gender. We heard about the heroic acts of women and men fighting for an end to sexual violence within their own countries and communities. And, looking around at everyone who had come out to march on a workday, we saw the faces of activism in our city.

Over 100 people marched across the Memorial Bridge

Afterwards, our staff gathered together to “share a special meal” – one of our actions to mark the day. Catherine, SDC’s Grants Liason and Field Coordinator, was the only one who had made a truly Sudanese recipe – the Yogurt and Tahini Dip – but homemade hummus, chicken and cupcakes made the group a happy one.

We wrote to our Congress(wo)men asking them to restore SGBV services

We then all settled down to write letters to our representatives about sexual violence in Sudan (those of us who live in DC and are Representative-less wrote straight to Secretary Clinton). We agreed that the United States needs to lead the charge to fully restore services for Sudanese women, particularly in the areas of food security, protection and gender-based violence.

Some of the letters we wrote

And a bit futher away, men and women came together in solidarity on a bridge that crosses from Rwanda to the Democratic Republic of Congo. They made a statement that, as neighbors, the lives of Rwandan and Congolese women are tied together, that peace and progress for one can lead to the same for the other. The relationship between us in the United States and our sisters in Sudan, while geographically disparate, is similarly interrelated – as Americans, we are caught in King’s “inescapable network of mutuality,” called to help when we are able and to raise our voices when we witness injustice. If you want to get involved in the movement to fight for women’s rights in Sudan, check out our International Women’s Day actions, which can be done throughout the month of March, or email us at women@savedarfur.org. Let’s make International Women’s Day last all year.

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Celebrating International Women’s Day

March 8th, 2010 by Marissa Glauberman

If I told you that I am a sophomore at George Washington University and a graduate of an all-girls high school, you would think I was celebrating International Women’s Day, right? And I am. However, this has not always been the case. Before interning at Save Darfur, I tried to distance myself from women’s or feminist causes, as I felt the issue was not at the forefront of the human rights struggle. I had attended countless lectures on the suffrage movement and the three waves of feminism, and came to believe that continuing to discuss these issues in the present day was not very productive.

Certainly, my logic was flawed and my time at Save Darfur has proven how incredibly skewed my thinking was. The issue of women’s rights is a grave concern for all and is often indicative of other ingrained illnesses within a society. The endemic violence against women in Darfur makes it increasingly apparent that the maltreatment of women reveals other conflicts at play – struggles for land, political power and recognition. As nations with poor political infrastructure are the countries most culpable of victimizing females, guaranteeing women’s rights are imperative to achieving the peaceful world we all seek.

The mission of International Women’s Day is to promote a world in which women are no longer victim to rape, incest, battery and sexual slavery. All of the world’s inhabitants must recognize that International Women’s Day is, truly, about defending basic human rights. The fight for women’s rights is not only a distinct movement, but one that encompasses all those who wish to redefine our modern world.

Marissa Glauberman is a Campaign Advocacy Intern with the Save Darfur Coalition.

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Bashir’s Curious Peace

March 5th, 2010 by Shannon Orcutt
Jebel Marra by Matt Powell

Darfur's tumultous Jebel Marra region/ Photo: Matt Powell Humanitarian Photography

At a speech last week in the North Darfur capital of El Fashir President Omar al-Bashir confidently announced that “the crisis in Darfur is finished; the war in Darfur is over. Darfur is now at peace”. Bashir echoed a similarly misguided claim made last August by the outgoing head of UNAMID, shortly before a series of renewed clashes and violent attacks against his own troops.

Bashir appears to have a skewed definition of peace, as certain areas of Darfur have since January been consistently beset by fighting, which seems to be escalating.

Despite progress toward a ceasefire between the Government of Sudan (GoS) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM), the areas around Jebel Moun and Jebel Marra remain highly volatile.

This past week, the increasingly violent clashes between SLM-AW and Sudan Armed Forces in Deribat have caused mass displacement and an estimated 140-400 civilian casualties. There has been no international assistance available to the victims in the Jebel Marra region after Médecins du Monde was forced out last week.

The SLM-AW leader Abdel Wahid al-Nur called the Doha framework “ceremonial,” adding that his movement wants “a genuine peace realizing the demands of Darfur people who are suffering in camps since seven years after losing their relatives and homes”. However, al-Nur has refused to be a part of any peace negotiations and the SLM-AW has in some recent cases exacerbated the security and humanitarian situation in parts of Darfur by restricting peacekeeping and aid access.

JEM condemned the escalating hostilities in a statement on February 28th denouncing:

“the exploitation by Khartoum regime of a ceasefire outlined in the Framework Agreement signed with the Movement on February 23, 2010 to launch a sweeping attack on the positions of resistance in the Jebel Marra and to bomb peaceful villages and kill unarmed civilians.”

The Department of State and UNAMID both issued statements on Tuesday urging the SLA/AW and the Government of Sudan to refrain from further aggression. UNAMID also announced that it will be taking further measures to verify the reports of violence in the region, but an investigative patrol heading to Deribat over the weekend was ambushed. The peacekeeping personnel were held over night and major assets seized by the attackers. It remains to be seen whether the newly arrived tactical helicopters will enhance the mission’s ability to address the insecurity in the mountainous region.

Recent background

Renewed fighting between SLM-AW and SAF troops flared up last July after their forces clashed in Nertiti and re-emerged from September 2-17th primarily in Korma where 18 civilians were killed and over 31,000 were displaced. For the remainder of the year the situation in Jebel Marra relatively stabilized with conflict on a smaller scale, until January 13th when the SLM-AW attacked Gulu the capital of Jebel Marra in response to earlier bombings on rebel positions. Intense clashes have continued throughout January and February, and on February 13th and 14th government troops attempted to re-take Aradyeb Al-Asharah. The SLM-AW was able to maintain control but SAF forces made a second offense attempt on the town on February 24-25th which according to rebel commander Nourredine Janga, “40 people were killed and 28 young girls and 8 women were raped”. Since January fighting has occurred elsewhere in Jebel Marra region including Kadmir, Lidy, Fugly, Dogo and Kotor.

Increasing amounts of civilians have been displaced due to intense fighting this past week with additional 40,000 civilians displaced from Deribat without any support from international aid organizations who have also fled the region. Another 5,400 civilians from Jebel Marra have been displaced to Nierteti and UNAMID estimated that 1,500 civilians have been displaced to Thur.

Shannon Orcutt is a policy intern at the Save Darfur Coalition.

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